Ballistics is the branch of forensic science that deals with the scientific examination of firearms, bullets, cartridges, ammunition, and gunshot-related evidence. The purpose of ballistic examination is to determine the type of weapon used, firing distance, trajectory, and the relationship between bullets and firearms involved in an incident. Experts study rifling marks, firing pin impressions, breech face marks, cartridge case markings, and gunshot residue patterns using advanced comparison microscopes and forensic techniques. Ballistic analysis plays a critical role in homicide investigations, encounter cases, accidental shootings, and illegal firearm offences. Scientific examination of firearms and ammunition helps investigators reconstruct crime scenes and identify the weapon used in a crime. Ballistic expert opinions are widely accepted in courts as reliable scientific evidence and contribute significantly to criminal investigations and judicial proceedings.